Cobb-Douglas Utility Function

Figure 1 depicts the optimal choice of a consumer whose preferences are represented by a Cobb–Douglas utility function. The purple indifference curve and the red budget line represent the initial situation ( and ). By changing prices and wealth you can see how the consumer adjusts her decisions to the new environment. By leaving initial prices and wealth unchanged and modifying the parameter , you can see how two consumers with different preferences change from their optimal choices. In Figures 2 and 3, these changes in translate into changes in the consumer's willingness to pay for goods 1 and 2. (The effects always move in opposite direction: when willingness to pay for good 1 increases (falls), it falls (increases) for good 2.) From these figures you can also see that: (1) demands derived from a Cobb–Douglas utility function have no cross-price effects and (2) good 1 and good 2 are both normal goods for the consumer (and, because of this, both are also ordinary goods). Finally, you can notice that as long as the wealth level changes, optimal bundles are related by proportional expansion along rays from the origin.

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