Pulse Width Modulation Principle

You can change the relative frequency of the carrier signal to observe the change in pulse width relative to the reference signal. You can also turn off the carrier frequency triangle plot to see the other signals more clearly. In addition, you can change the magnitude of the reference signal and add the third harmonic distortion.

The PWM technique can reproduce almost any wave form, not just a sine wave. PWM allows a switching device to dissipate relatively low power while it is either saturated (full on) or in cut-off.

Principles referenced from: D. Hart, Introduction To Power Electronics, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1997.