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Resonance Lineshapes of a Driven Damped Harmonic Oscillator


	The plots show (solid lines) the frequency dependence of the amplitude, the phase, the in-phase component, and the quadrature component of a driven damped harmonic oscillator. The variable parameter is the quality factor Q of the oscillator, that is, the ratio of the oscillator's resonance frequency to its damping constant γ. The (normalized) lineshapes are presented in dimensionless frequency units, giving the representations a universal character that can be applied to any driven oscillator (mechanics, electronics, optics, etc.). The plots also show (dashed lines) the Lorentzian lineshapes obtained in the high-Q limit when .


	Contributed by: Antoine Weis (University of Fribourg)

This Demonstration analyzes in which way the (high-

limit) Lorentzian lineshapes of a driven damped harmonic oscillator differ from the exact resonance lineshapes.

The equation of motion of a damped harmonic oscillator (with mass

, eigenfrequency

, and damping constant

) driven by a periodic force

The general solution can be written as

where

and

The solution can thus be parametrized either by the amplitude and phase (|

) or by the in-phase and quadrature components (

. The explicit frequency dependence of those parameters is obtained by inserting the general solution into the equation of motion, yielding

;

The expressions can be rewritten using the dimensionless frequency parameter ξ and the quality factor

, defined by

, and

, to yield

;

The four resonance lineshapes are shown in the plots as black solid lines. In order to avoid rescaling during the manipulation of the quality factor

, all signals are normalized to their largest value.

The high-

limit:

for

, that is, for

, the expressions can be simplified, yielding

;

or, in dimensionless units,

;

The corresponding lineshapes are shown as dashed blue lines.

An alternative parametrization consists in introducing the dimensionless detuning

, for which the resonances are given by

;

which shows that the phase and quadrature signals in the high-

limit are dispersive and absorptive Lorentzians, respectively.

Frequency Response of an LCR Circuit (The Wolfram Demonstrations Project)

Driven Damped Oscillator (The Wolfram Demonstrations Project)

Forced Oscillator with Damping (The Wolfram Demonstrations Project)

"Resonance Lineshapes of a Driven Damped Harmonic Oscillator" from The Wolfram Demonstrations Project
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/ResonanceLineshapesOfADrivenDampedHarmonicOscillator/

Contributed by: Antoine Weis (University of Fribourg)

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