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1. Mendeleev Interpreted by Schrödinger and Lewis

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This Demonstration shows an implementation of P. A. M. Dirac's prophecy: "Chemistry will become an exercise of applied math".

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The configuration of the atom is determined by a set of orbital quantum numbers: principal , orbital angular momentum and spin magnetic . For each energy level , there are orbitals divided into subshells, depending on , the second quantum number. Also a third quantum number can be found, and the triplets are shown on the bottom. A letter code is used to classify each subshell: an subshell corresponds to , a subshell to , a subshell to and an subshell to [1].

Select "quantum numbers" to show the triplets for the first four energy levels .

Select "atomic orbitals" to show the explicit form of the orbitals.

Select "radial distribution function" to show the probability distribution of each orbital. The energy of each subshell varies with [1].

Select "cumulative radial distribution function" to show the cumulative probability distribution of each orbital.

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Contributed by: D. Meliga, A. Ratti, L. Lavagnino and S. Z. Lavagnino (November 2019)
Open content licensed under CC BY-NC-SA

Details

Snapshot 1: orbital quantum numbers: principal (), orbital angular momentum () and spin magnetic (); the sum of the odd numbers of each subshell is equal to

Snapshot 2: orbital shapes with

Snapshot 3: radial probability of each orbital with

Snapshot 4: cumulative radial probability of each orbital with ; each cumulative probability tends to 1 as every single probability is normalized

Reference

[1] L. Lua, A. Iskandar and M. Magsombol. "Electron Configuration." (Sep 17, 2019) chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Quantum_Mechanics/10%3 A_Multi-electron_Atoms/Electron_Configuration.

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