Adiabatic Compression of Water in Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium (VLE)

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A piston compresses a vapor-liquid equilibrium mixture of water adiabatically and reversibly. The initial temperature is 425 K, and the initial pressure is 0.5 MPa. Use the sliders to set the initial vapor quality (fraction of water that is vapor) and the final pressure. The initial state (green dot) and final state (blue dot) are shown on log pressure versus log volume (), log pressure versus temperature (), and temperature versus entropy () plots. Select two of these plots to display from the drop-down menus. The initial vapor quality determines whether the quality increases or decreases as the mixture is compressed.

Contributed by: Rachael L. Baumann (April 2016)
Additional contributions by: John L. Falconer and Nathan S. Nelson
(University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering)
Open content licensed under CC BY-NC-SA


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Details

For a reversible process, the change in entropy from the initial state 1 to the final state 2 is zero, so . The Peng–Robinson equation of state is used to calculate the entropy of state :

,

where is entropy (J/[mol K]), the superscript represents an ideal gas, the subscript refers to the reference state, is the entropy departure function for a real gas, is the ideal gas entropy at the reference state and .

,

,

where , , and are heat capacity constants (); is temperature (K); is pressure (MPa); is the ideal gas constant (J/[mol K]), not to be confused with the subscript ; is the critical temperature (K); is a constant and , with as the acentric factor.

,

,

where and are constants, and is the critical pressure (MPa).

The compressibility factor is found by solving for the roots to:

.

Volume () is calculated using the compressibility factor: .

When in vapor-liquid equilibrium, the temperature is the saturation temperature. Antoine's equation is used to calculate the saturation temperature:

,

where , and are Antoine constants.



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