Details

In an adiabatic system with excess liquid nitrogen, the mass of nitrogen vaporized depends on the mass of water injected , the specific enthalpy of the injected water and the final enthalpy of the water, which at equilibrium is the enthalpy of ice at :

,

where is the specific enthalpy of vaporization of nitrogen.

The difference between the initial and final specific enthalpies of water is the sum of the sensible heat changes and the heat of fusion of water ():

,

where and are the heat capacities of liquid water and ice, respectively, is the initial temperature of the water, is the freezing temperature of water (), and is , the boiling temperature of liquid nitrogen.

This Demonstration was inspired by an article by M. Prince et al. [1].

Reference

[1] M. Prince, M. Vigeant and K. Nottis, "Repairing Student Misconceptions in Heat Transfer Using Inquiry-Based Activities," Chemical Engineering Education, 50(1), 2016 pp. 52–61. journals.flvc.org/cee/article/view/87720.