, where the relative volatility, , is assumed constant.

The simple distillation residue curve is given by the following implicit relation:

,

where is the warped time, is the ethanol mole fraction in the still at , and is the initial ethanol composition in the still. Warped time is related to clock time by = , where and are, respectively, the vapor rate and the liquid hold-up in the still, expressed in moles per second and moles.

Since the mixture does not have an azeotrope, the light component (i.e., ethanol) will preferentially boil off and thus we have as .