Nestedly recursive functions nestedly "call" previous instances of themselves. Even very simple recursion relations can lead to a complex sequence of values for nestedly recursive functions.
The recursion relations are set up so that whenever they sample below n=1, the f[n] is taken to have value 1.
f[n]=3 f[n - f[n - 1]] is the simplest example that seems to yield complex behavior.
Functions like these were mentioned in A New Kind of Science, but first studied in detail in Stephen Wolfram's Live Experiment at the opening of the first NKS Summer School, in June 2003.
"Indirect calls" are instances of the "inner f" in the recursion relation.
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