Combining Quarks into Hadrons

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The "particles" setter summarizes the component particles of the Standard Model: quarks, leptons, gauge bosons, and the putative Higgs particle.
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Contributed by: S. M. Blinder (January 2008)
Open content licensed under CC BY-NC-SA
Snapshots
Details
Snapshot 1: The Standard Model "cast of characters".
Snapshot 2: The proton has spin 1/2, quark composition uud. Its charge is therefore given by , the negative of the electron charge. The higher energy
hyperon contains the same quarks, but with total spin 3/2.
Snapshot 3: The spin 1/2 combination udd gives the neutron, with . Although this is a neutral particle overall, it has internal positive and negative charges, which account for its magnetic moment. The
hyperon has the same quark composition, but total spin 3/2.
Snapshot 4: One of the multiplet of three pions, ,
, and
, made of u and d quarks and antiquarks.
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