The bell ringing method Grandsire was invented in 1650. It is one of the first applications of permutations. This led to the sciences of method ringing, tintinnalogia (1668) and campanalogia (1677) as the first applications of group theory. The terms in successive permutation powers are partitioned in sets of two (one red, one blue) to give all 28 pairs of eight bells with Plain Bob Major permutation 2351468: