# Performance Characteristics for Step Response of an Underdamped Process

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Consider an underdamped second-order process with a transfer function (the ratio of output to input of a system), given by , where is the steady-state gain, is the time constant, and is the damping coefficient (with ). The process is subjected to a step input . This Demonstration shows plots of the response and finds its performance characteristics: overshoot , decay ratio , time to rise , time to first peak , and period of oscillations . You can vary the values of , , , and . Here, the values of are restricted to the interval in order to clearly identify , , , and in the plot of the output function .

Contributed by: Housam Binous, Mohammad Mozahar Hossain, and Ahmed Bellagi (October 2015)
Open content licensed under CC BY-NC-SA

## Details

The overshoot is equal to .

The decay ratio is equal to .

The period of oscillation is .

The time to first peak is given by .

The rise time is the solution of and .

Reference

[1] D. E. Seborg, T. F. Edgar, D. A. Mellichamp, and F. J. Doyle III, Process Dynamics and Control, 3rd ed., New York: Wiley, 2011.

## Permanent Citation

Housam Binous, Mohammad Mozahar Hossain, and Ahmed Bellagi

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