Details

One of the exact breather solutions for is a complex field as a function of and which is periodic in space .

The complex-valued wavefunction

, with ,

has several remarkable features (see [1]), including periodicity of the squared wavefunction with period implicit analytic solutions of quantum trajectories for some values a time-independent solution for and , and a symmetry according to , where , with . For the case , the wavefunction becomes , where an implicit analytic solution for the quantum motion is given by the gradient of the phase function of the wavefunction in the eikonal form (often called polar form). For this special case, the implicit function for is , with the integration constant .

Exploiting to the symmetry of the wave density, only one half of the trajectories were calculated numerically.

On YouTube there are some videos by the author, which show additional breather solutions with a hyperbolic secant envelope in the de Broglie–Bohm interpretation for the Gross–Pitavevskii equation.

[1] D. Schrader, Asymptotisch Auftretende Solitonen-Lösungen der Nichtlinearen Schrödinger-Gleichung zu Beliebigen Secans-Hyperbolicus-Förmigen Anregungen, Aachen, Germany: Shaker Verlag, 1998.

[2] Bohmian-Mechanics.net. (Jul 11, 2014) www.bohmian-mechanics.net/index.html.

[3] S. Goldstein. "Bohmian Mechanics." The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. (Jul 11, 2014)plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-bohm.